The Beloved, by Toni Morrison | Summary and Analysis

The Beloved, by Toni Morrison | Summary and Analysis 124 was spiteful. 124 was loud. 124 was quiet. The house 124 that Sethes family lives in is haunted by the ghost of the baby who drives her two sons away as well as the rest of the neighbourhood. Paul D, an old friend from Sweet Home, visits 124 in search of Baby Suggs, Sethes mother-in-law, only to find she died eight years ago. Paul D is invited into the house where he meets Denver and senses the evilness of Beloved, however the ghost is soon sent away after Paul Ds arrival which upsets Denver and causes her to act coldly towards him. Recalling memories of Sweet Home of Sethes marriage to Halle, the other men at Sweet Home and Sethes escape, the notion of a future with Paul D crossed Sethes mind. That Thursday the three of them went to the carnival in town which made all three happy, however on return to 124 they found a woman sat on a tree stump who said her name was Beloved which excited Denver for she now had the company she longed for. Denver went out of her way to make Beloved feel better and although Denver loved her, Paul D thought there was something strange about her. Beloved continued to ask Sethe and Denver of their past and Denvers birth. Denver told Beloved about Baby Suggs, her Grandmother, and about the Clearing where Baby Suggs used to preach. The three women headed towards the Clearing for Sethe to think, however she was choked by someone or something who she thought was Baby Suggs. Denver thought otherwise and thought it was Beloved who choked her. Beloved seduces Paul D after he believes she has driven himself and Sethe apart. This leads Paul D to ask for him and Sethe to have a child together, thinking that this would relieve Beloveds power over him. Howev er, Paul D is infuriated by Beloved as she waits for Sethe to return home from work, which strengthens Sethes belief of Beloved being her child she gave birth to and breaks the romance between the couple because she wants Paul D to leave. In flashback, the memory of Sethe murdering her baby is then evoked. It was Stamp Paid, an old friend, who took the dead baby from Sethe and gave her Denver before Sethe was placed in custody. Then in present, Stamp visits Paul D and shows him a newspaper clipping of when Sethe murdered the baby. In disbelief, he insults Sethe and leaves her. Sethe took Baby Suggs advice; lay it all down and so she did. The three of them went ice skating and laughed endlessly resulting in Sethe to go late to work the next day, and she did so for the following weeks until she was fired. Feeling guilty for sending Paul D away, Stamp argues with Ella after finding out she didnt offer Paul D a place to stay and he was staying at the church, recalling memories of Sweet Home. Feeling she was responsible for the silence and hunger at 124, Denver felt it was only right that she left 124. All three grew tired therefore in search for a better life, Denver received help from Lady Jones and the rest of the neighbourhood. During the day she looked after Sethe She and in the evenings worked for the Bodwins. However, on the first day of work, when Edward Bodwin came to collect her, the ladies of the neighbourhood gathered together at 124. As Edward arrived, Sethe thought of him as a man who wanted slaves and attacked him with an ice pick, leaving Beloved standing on the porch alone but as everybody looked back, there was nobody standing on the porch. After the incident, Paul D came back into Denver and Sethes lives and they all forgot Beloved and thought of her as an unpleasant dream. Narrative Style This novel is written in third person singular with an omniscient style but however shifts to first person singular; Sethe had the amazing luck of six whole years of marriages to that somebody son who had fathered every one of her children and I never had to give it to nobody else and the one time I did it was took from me they held me down and took it. The pronouns he and she are frequently used and characters are continuously addressed by their names. The novel is also written in flashback whilst describing Sethes escape and the birth of Denver to Beloved. Flashback is also found when she recalls memories of Sweet Home with Paul D and when Paul D has memories of his brothers. Also there is a chapter written in stream of consciousness relating to Beloveds thoughts; I am not big small rats do not wait for us to sleep someone is thrashing but there is no room to do it in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Character Analysis Denver: is an independent, selfless young lady. This is shown through her care and devotion to Beloved when she arrives at the house sick. She is also a determined girl that devotes her time to her family, especially her mother when she is sick. Denver is an independent woman as her independence is shown when she seeks a job to support her family when her mother lost her job. Sethe: is a very kind and compassionate woman as she is devoted to her family, even during the hardest situations. This is shown because she was a slave in her past at Sweet Home and she escaped for her family. It is also portrayed when she went hungry and picked the crusts for her children to eat, especially Beloved. She is also a very proud woman as she is determined to endure the correct way of marriage at Sweet Home when marrying Halle this is shown when Sethe is adamant on having a wedding dress on the first night they are together. Beloved: at first is portrayed as a helpless woman, seeking attention and love. This is given to her by Denver as she cures her from her sickness by devoting her time. However, Beloved then becomes an untrustworthy, selfish woman. Her selfishness is shown manipulation, as she deceives Sethe by acting upon her guilt. She doesnt forgive Sethe for her past and forces power upon her to give her what she wants. Language Diction Beloved is a descriptive novel that uses informal language often including slang and vulgarity throughout dialogue. The language and diction also reflects the speech of Afro-Americans for example; Beloved, she my daughter. She mine. Long sentences are used to describe feelings and objects, for example; Although they had been polite to her during the quiet time and gave her the whole top of the bed, she remembered how it was before: the pleasure they had sitting clustered on the white stairs she between the knees of Howard or Buglar while they made up die-witch! stories with proven ways of killing her dead. Short sentences are used more often during dialogue such as; Now you. Come on, and Come on in here girls. Short sentences are also used to make impact and emphasize the meaning, for instance; 124 was spiteful. Full of a babys venom. Imagery The imagery is evident throughout the novel because all stimuli are aroused. Tactile imagery is evident when Paul D touches Sethe in the kitchen as he rubbed his cheek on her back and learned that way her sorrow. There is a sense of smell when the roses at the carnival are described; the closer the roses got to death, the louder their scent and stench of the rotten roses. Visual imagery is foreseen throughout the novel when the keeping room is described and how Baby Suggs was starved for colour. One can imagine the slate-coloured walls and the earth-brown floor and the dullness of the room. Auditory imagery is evident when Denver can hear chickens and the knock of a badly hinged gate as well as voices behind her as she walked. Taste imagery is evident when the numerous offers of foods are found on the tree stump each day, each meal provided by a different neighbour; sack of white beans, plate of cold rabbit meat, Taste imagery is also found during a memory of 124 of tonic mixed that cured a relative, as one can imagine the strength of the mixture. Themes The theme of evil is represented throughout the novel by Beloved, as a ghost and as a person. This is evident when the ghost of Beloved chases away her two brothers, Howard and Buglar as well as other people who use to walk along Bluestone Road. The evil represented through Beloved as a human being is when she manipulates Sethe and causes pain for Sethe, although Sethe only seeks forgiveness. A theme of religion is also apparent throughout the novel as God and Jesus are constantly being referred to. It is carried throughout the novel by Baby Suggs from her preaching at the Clearing then Paul D and at the end of the novel, by Denver who was given a Bible by Lady Jones. Setting This novel is set in America mainly 124 Bluestone Road. This is evident because Sethe escaped to Ohio to number 124 where Baby Suggs was living in Cincinnati. The novel is also set at a place called Sweet Home. Sweet Home is brought into the novel whilst Sethe has flashbacks of her past before she escaped. The setting is also evident because of the diction used whilst a character speaks. Genre The genre is a family drama because of the life experiences the family endure. All adult characters in the novel were previously slaves who had escaped and Baby Suggs was bought by her own sons earnings. Sethe also experienced her childs death before her own. After this, her dead daughter came back to 124 but tormented her by using her guilt against her. The novel is also an Afro-American genre because of diction used during speech and first person narrative style. Aspects I liked I enjoyed the fact that Sethe escaped from the hardships of being a slave at Sweet Home and that her present is better because she left the home. I also enjoyed the fact that Denver devoted her time to Beloved and that Sethe and Denver were accepting of her when they found Beloved sat outside their house. I didnt enjoy the fact that Paul D just left Sethe from his jealousy of Sethes love towards Beloved and his negativity and disloyalty towards Beloved. I also didnt enjoy the fact that Beloved turned against Sethe and starting making her pay for her past even though Sethe felt apologetic and guilty for what she had done and now only wanted to give Beloved the best. I was happy that Denver did everything she could to protect Sethe from Beloveds nastiness and glad when Denver and Sethe could forget the torment and pain Beloved caused. Recommendations I would recommend this novel to any high school children that is not easily offended by vulgar language but whoever understands the change from past to present as the novel is written in flashback making it a difficult read. I would also recommend this novel to one who enjoys reading about the hardships of life and devastation that can be caused in the future from mistakes in the past, affecting not just one person but a whole family.

Personal Narrative - The Day My Mother Went to the Hospital :: Personal Narrative essay about myself

The Day My Mother Went to the Hospital During second period math class, the PA comes on. I hear "David Higgins to the office for an early dismissal, Please". Being as I was only in the second grade, I rushed to the office, only to see my God Mother waiting for me. She tells me that we have to go pick up my other two brothers at pre-school. I asked her why, but, she only responded with "I'll explain later". So I followed her to the car and hopped in. We rushed to Mitzpah, where the pre-school my brothers were in was. We picked up my two younger brothers and rushed to my God Mothers home in Millville. My God Mother then explained that my father would not be home for a while, being as he was rushing to Cooper Hospital to see my mother. At this point in time, being of such a young age, I started to block out a lot of what she was telling us all. I only remember a little bit of that period of time because of my memory block. When my father had come home from the hospital, he told us all that our mother had been envlolved in a serious car accident, and that she wouldn't be home for a few weeks. I don't remember very much after that, except for the fact that the period of time my mother was in the hospital fell on her birthday. So, all of the family, except me, sat down next to the stereo. My father plugged in a microphone, popped in a blank cassestte and hit record. Each one of the children started to sing "Happy Birthday", then ended with a personal message. My father then recorded his message. I was in so much shock and horror that I didn't want to record anything. I was under the belief that my mother wasn't coming home at all. My family kept trying to get me to record something, but, I refused. After about a week or two of my mother being in the hospital, the whole family got in the car, and went to visit her. Being as it was a very large hospital,

Mean Creek- Important Idea

Explain an important idea in a text you have studied. Explain why you found it interesting. Discuss visual and verbal techniques in your answer. In the film Mean Creek directed by Jacob Aaron Estes, the important idea of loss of innocence is very interesting as it tells the story and shows us how quickly things can change. The director shows us this through the way the characters change during the burial of George, the word â€Å"snap† written in a tree and the guilt felt by Millie and Sam. Firstly I found the important idea of loss of innocence interesting during the burial of George as this is when they lose their innocence.When they decide to bury Georges body the character all lose what innocence they had left. This is shown as everyone help besides Millie who doesn’t want to have a part in it. At this moment the director uses a combination of dark lighting and close up shots of Millie’s partially hidden face in the shadows of the trees to show how dark and l ost Millie has become since the death of George. She is hiding from the truth and wants to act like nothing is going to change. The director also uses a slow sad chelo during this scene as lament like, it is a metaphor for the death of Millie’s and everyone else’s innocence.Millie is already starting to feel guilty as she earlier in the film stated â€Å"go ahead Clyde start the game†. This shows she does not feel innocent at all but does not want to admit it. When Millie is by herself instead of helping with the burial a foley effect is used as she stabs a snail followed by sudden silence. This was Millie’s was to let at all her frustration and anger on the events that have occurred and her own actions which contributed in Georges death. This scene helps makes the important idea interesting as it is the moment when they all lose their innocence.Secondly I found the important idea interesting through the way Millie carved the word â€Å"snap† into a tree. At the start of the film when Millie and Sam are innocently talking about what George did to Sam, Millie says â€Å"If you could snap your fingers and he would drop dead in his tracks would you? A wide shot is used to show George sitting down by himself, this shows how lonely he is and makes us actually feel sympathy towards him. This is followed by silence which shows how Sam doesn’t want to hurt George. This emphasises the innocence of Sam as he did not wish to do anything which could result in the death of George.This Quote foreshadows the death of George. As a viewer tension builds u as we wait the events that link to the death. After the death of George, Millie engraves the word â€Å"Snap† into a tree. This is significant as it shows how life can change as fast as the snap of the fingers. A foley effect is used on the scratching of the knife on the tree to show Millie’s anger and how she feels they have not only turned flipped there life upside do wn but they took a life and destroyed Georges relatives lives. The foley effect turns your attention the Millie as the viewer anticipates what she is writing . e now see how just 24 hours before they were all living a normal happy life but now they are emotionally distort and stumped for a conclusion of what to do. The word snap makes the important idea of loss of innocence interesting as it shows how fast they have totally lost their innocence. Lastly loss of innocence is seen as interesting as Millie and Sam come out and talk about what has happened. When Sam goes to Millie’s room we notice a great change in her personality and feelings. Millie is no longer a bright happy person as we now see her as a frightened little girl.The director uses dark lighting and a wide shot to shows as Millie steering into the mirror. When Millie is steering into the mirror it is silent as she looks frustrated and confused as if she thinks her appearance should have change but everything looks the same as if nothing has happened. When Sam talks to Millie a combination of dark lighting and close up shots of Millie’s half hidden face in the darkness of her bedroom show us how miserable she looks as she is hiding from the truth and is in denial of the fact that their life has changed. What do you want†, â€Å"I was just there† shows us how Millie does not want to accept the truth as well as the consequences of her actions but knows she can not live with all the guilt. Millie was trying to act like she feels innocent but the remorseful ton in her voice suggests otherwise. Sam and Millie know they are not innocent as the guilt inside them grows and makes them wonder if keeping George’s death a secret is the best thing to do. When we become doctors and lawyers and all that what do you think it will be like? † The director follows this question with silence to show how they both think telling the truth and accepting the consequences will be best . This makes us feel sorry for them and it is as if some of their innocence has come back to them as we are reminded of the fact that they are still children when they talk about their future and that they have â€Å"come to a decision† of telling the truth which is what they wanted in the first place.In conclusion I found the important idea of loss of innocence very interesting as the director takes as on a roller-coaster of feelings as kids make the biggest decision of their lives. With the burial of George, the word â€Å"Snap† and the guilt felt by Sam and Millie the children’s innocence is lost but they regain some as they come to the correct conclusion. The interesting idea of loss of innocence shows us how fast some of the most innocent people feel guilty and how people can unintentionally lose their innocence in a matter of minutes.

The End Of 2002 And My High School - 1679 Words

Matthew Hays Professor Belknap English 111, 8:00 08/14/2014 Outsider It s the end of 2002 and my high school is finally out for winter break, but I don t want to go home. My parents divorce has become a long drawn out affair. Mom wants the house, Dad doesn t want to stay on any of the credit cards. They try to play nice in front of us kids but I m 14 years old, I know what s going on. Everyday we watch quietly as our parents slink around the house like strange cats, scowling and grimacing when one thinks the other might be looking. The silence between them muffles everything like a heavy blanket. Even the cars driving by outside seem to pass more quietly, as though afraid to draw attention to themselves. Every minute drags by, it†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Cheer up!† my father tells me as he bustles around the apartment, â€Å"You re going to love California.† Two weeks later I find myself standing in a strange yard, outside a strange building that my father tells me is home. The sky is an offensive clear blue and it s so humid that I m almost surprised the car isn t rusting in half before my eyes. The next day brings the news that I have hoped for months would never come, I start at my new high school on Tuesday. The very idea of school has become something hateful, something to make my stomach turn when I get careless and let my thoughts wander. Two thousand new faces, no friends for a thousand miles in any direction and everyone else has had a month to get comfortable already? I feel as though my time would be better spent running with scissors or playing in the street. Anything would be better than this feeling of impending doom. My desperate pleas for an alternative have failed, nothing but uncompromising cruelty is good enough for my father. No home school, no online school, no GED and now it s my first day. On the ride to school my stomach seems to have come to the same conclusion my head did a month ago. Every step makes me feel as though my insides are trying to escape my body. I arrive late to my first class having been lost in the maze of buildings that dot the campus. The biology room is foreign to me in every way. The desks are absent and in their place are what look like

Sophocles The King And Antigone Essay - 1566 Words

Sophocles wrote about kings. Mythological, or at least long dead, the regal protagonists of fraction of Sophocles’ surviving work embody the political realities of the ancients’ time. By examining and analyzing the origins and nature of kingship in Sophocles, one can glean a sliver of insight into a civilization that has all but disappeared. Sophocles’s kings were great human leaders, reaching their position through impressive deeds or standing in the community. Although they wielded great power and were dispensers of justice, ultimately, they answered to the gods and were beholden to divine power. The gods oversaw severe punishments for kings that defied them or proved wanting in any way. Both Oedipus the King and Antigone demonstrate how Sophocles’ kings rose to their position on a meritocratic basis, tasked with dispensing justice and protecting their community, and answered to the gods in the end. To understand the nature of kingship in Sophocles†™ day, the first task is to determine the origins of the king’s power and position. One must analyze how a community selects a king to reign over them, or what makes an individual worthy of holding the title of king. Following from their origins, the king’s power must be examined next. The limits of the power, the source of power, and what motivates a king to use his power all must be determined. Next, an inquiry will follow into how kings use their power, how they determine their duty, and who provides them with tasks thatShow MoreRelatedAntigone, By Sophocles, The King And Oedipus1465 Words   |  6 PagesSophocles’, The Theban Plays, takes place during the intellectual experiments in the Age of Enlightenment in Greece. The Theban Plays is dramatic literature consisting of a trilogy of plays: Oedipus the King, Oedipus of Colonus and Antigone. Oedipus the King and Oedipus of Colonus were written in a very male-focused manner. Throughout these plays, Sophocle s’ main characters and main plots are written around Oedipus, Creon, Polynices, Tiresias, Theseus and very few spotlight is given to the femaleRead MoreOedipus as King of Thebes: Antigone by Sophocles1380 Words   |  6 Pagesof pride is the centers piece of man’s perpetual role in his own destruction. This is illustrated by various characters’ such as Creon in Antigone by Sophocles, Oedipus in Oedipus the King by Sophocles and the Trojans in the Aeneid by Virgil. In the Antigone we see the consequence of one’s pride and desire for power take hold, when Creon decides to punish Antigone for disobeying the law off the land and proving Polynices with a burial. The disregard for any form of sympathy would eventually come toRead MoreComparison Of Oedipus The King And Antigone By Sophocles944 Words   |  4 PagesMany lessons can be learned from Sophocles plays Oedipus the King and Antigone. In Oedipus the King, Oedipus caused his fate to become real by runn ing from it. He killed his father and made love to his mother even though he had no idea who they were he was still punished. He passed the punishment of his sins to the rest of his family when he gouged out his eyeballs and banished himself from the city. In Antigone Oedipus’s sons killed each other in battle over the throne and helped Creon take overRead MoreThe Tragic Heroes Of Sophocles Oedipus The King And Antigone1275 Words   |  6 Pagesis one of the most hidden but controlling characteristics one may have. It carves the path for many plays and stories and is usually not recognized until a situation is too late to fix. This is represented in the two plays Oedipus the King and Antigone by Sophocles. Oedipus and Creon, the two the tragic heroes, have ignorance built up inside of them, though both are different. They then both then have realisation of their blindness by self-love, either by themselves or others. It is only two lateRead MoreContrast Between Oedipus the King and Antigone by Sophocles744 Words   |  3 PagesContrast between Oedipus the King and Antigone Sophocles, a famous and renowned Greek dramatist, is the playwright to both the play Oedipus the King and Antigone. Along with Antigone and Oedipus Sophocles had also wrote Electra and Fete. Sophocles wrote many Greek tragedies which are plays in which the main character in the play suffers a tragedy due to some flaw of theirs. An example would be how Oedipus (thinking he is defying a prophecy) murders his father and weds his mother. His flaw was himRead MoreAnalysis Of Sophocles Antigone, Creon, The King Of Thebes1280 Words   |  6 Pagesthem† (Sophocles 222). In Sophocles’ tragedy â€Å"Antigone†, Creon, the obstinate king of Thebes, embodies the stereotypical monarch. Ancient Athens, where Sophocles called home, used plays to educate their audience and persuade them to think a certain way; thus, Sophocles wrote of the struggle between Creon, and his son, Haimon, from the perspective of a member if a democratic government. Sophocles sought to influence his a udiences political beliefs by creating the character Creon, the King of Thebes’Read MoreEssay about Tragedy in Sophocles Oedipus The King and Antigone 1403 Words   |  6 PagesTragedy in Sophocles Oedipus The King and Antigone The Greeks considered tragedy the greatest form for literature.   However, the tragic ends for the characters were not ordained or set by fate, but rather caused by certain characteristics belonging to that person.   Such is the case with the characters of Sophocles plays Oedipus the King and Antigone.   Oedipus from King Oedipus, and Antigone and Creon from Antigone posses characteristics, especially pride, that caused their tragic ends.   AsRead More Comparing Female Characters in Euripides Medea and Sophocles Oedipus the King and Antigone1555 Words   |  7 PagesComparing Female Characters in Euripides Medea and Sophocles Oedipus the King and Antigone      Ã‚  Ã‚   In the times of the ancient Greeks, women had an unpretentious role. They were expected to do take on the accepted role of a woman.   In most cases, a womans role is restricted to bearing young, raising children, and housework. In Sophocles Oedipus   the King, Antigone, and Medea, the dominant female characters impacted upon men with authority and political power.   It is Read MoreThe Prevailing Message Throughout Sophocles Antigone And King s Letter From Birmingham Jail1251 Words   |  6 Pagesprevailing message throughout Sophocles’ Antigone and King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail is that civil disobedience serves the purpose of fighting and correcting injustice in situations where systemic breaks in adherence to natural law occurs. Injustice here as used here is not to be synonymous with things that are simply unlawful or unfair, but instead takes on a deeper and more specific definition pertaining to the natural moral codes that all laws, as argued by King and Antigone, ought to be based uponRead MoreAntigone By Sophocles Antigone1478 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout Antigone, Antigone is a presented as a strong woman who is both dedicated to her family and her community. That said, there is much conflict between these two dedications. In this paper, I will give examples of Antigone’s different individual responsibilities and her philosophies and explain how those conflict with the commitment that she is to have to her community and indirectly, her king. Ultimately, I will argue that Sophocles demonstrated his values of family, the way of the gods

Ethics Ethics And Morality - 1478 Words

Ethics Paper In my organization, the ethical system used is egoism. Egoism exists in the normative realm of ethics and morality and explains what should be in an organization (WK 2, L1). This idea of should is used to express a distinct moral connotation (WK 2, L1), but this is where egoism complicates the concept of the normative domain. As was stated previously, within the normative sphere we find ethics and morality; and although many believe these terms to be interchangeable, they are actually quite different. Ethics is the study of what is right and wrong, and what makes a person good or bad (WK 1, L2). Morality, on the other hand, is the application of a particular ethical system that helps us find answers to ethical questions (WK 1, L2). Egoism complicates the concept of the normative domain because it denies that there is any true ethical system (WK 2, L1); and if one believes that there is no true ethical system one cannot apply such a system to unearth answers to ethical queries. Therefore, while a person should conduct themselves in a manner that is in line with their ethical system, they will not able to if they do not believe an ethical system to be true. Egoism is all about what a person wants or needs and is motivated entirely by self-interest (WK 2, L1). In this system, the people with physical, monetary or social power make the rules, and because they wield the power in these relationships their rules are considered to be or are classified asShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Ethics And Morality937 Words   |  4 PagesEthics is a concept, and is subjective that depends on the social conduct in which it is applied. Ethics has its basis in moral (Socrates) and duty (Kant), it is a different need for natural or mathematics, and it is like the freedom people need to live in society. All societies in all historical eras had and have been having their applications of ethics and morality. According Lawrence, (Lawrence Weber, 2014a) It labels that the notions of right and wrong(ethics) usually comes from the environmentRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Morality1476 Words   |  6 Pagesuniversal on ethics and morality. Ethics among different c ultures is so vast, even though every culture does have a standard for ethics which they live by. Although ethics is a broad human universal, there is no specific universal ethic. Each world religion holds a different ethic as their highest ethic; it is always a case by case basis. Theory: Ethics serve as an adaptive function in modern environment, more than ever. As society evolves, the standard of ethics also increases. Ethics is a traitRead MoreEthics : Morality And Ethics1701 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 1: Morality and Ethics: Shirley while was friendly and nice to the employees ultimately did not do them any good, by creating an environment where the employees the restaurants ‘resources’ were not used properly thus causing production deviance. As soon as Kevin became the new manager, he put the employees on probation, in doing this, he creates a hostile environment violating the Principal of the religious injunction. He creates an environment that is not kind and does not promote a unityRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Morality3156 Words   |  13 PagesJanesha Pickens Ethics Dr. Eckman November 26, 2014 Ethics Portfolio Definition of Ethics: I would summarize the term ethics by saying that it is an absolute standard by which people live by. Ethics is this mentality or this inside voice that tells us what we should do versus what we actually do. Dr. Eckman states in â€Å"Christian Ethics† that the term ethics refers to a set of standards around which we organize our lives and from which we define our duties and obligations. Ethics is somethingRead MoreEthics, Morality, And Morality2531 Words   |  11 PagesEthics and morality may initially seem to be interchangeable words used to describe a code of conduct that society should follow in order to make informed decisions. However, they are in fact two separate entities that exist as individual codes of conduct, yet share a symbiotic relationship in decision making. Ethics can be described as the rules of behavior and demeanor as established by society, a certain sociological group of people, or a religion. Consequently, due to the nature of ethics, they Read MoreEthics and Morality3604 Words   |  15 PagesAbstract The paper delves into the topic of ethics and morality. It would try to understand the concept of ethics and morality and the difference between the two concepts. In the paper I would analyse what motivates human behaviour and choices and why those choices can never always be moral and ethical. I will analyse some ethical and moral theories that provide guidelines for ethical human behaviour and critically assess them with the aid of real life examples, to determine whether it is possibleRead MoreEthics And Morality And Ethics1575 Words   |  7 PagesDictionary defines ethics as, Moral principles that govern a person s behavior or the conducting of an activity. We have talked many times in class over the basic premise of ethics especially in a business aspect. We see a lot of ethical issues within Wall Street, Insurance Companies, Financing firms, and of course there are a lot more. These are all issues on the business side mainly dealing with sales. We all know that sales people get a bad representation of themselves. Ethics go a lot fartherRead MoreEthics And Morality : Ethics1672 Words   |  7 PagesEthics had the meaning of by showing the moral virtue or showing moral character. Ethics has some connection with rules; which if the behavior of human is well formed and cautiously controlled, it will result the human get approach into desirable way, even if the rules does not stated any things or what to do in particular scenario. There are claims about the equality between ethics and morals in way of definition and the objective but it is not. Actually, morals is a matter of discipline that tellingRead MoreThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality1307 Words   |  6 PagesThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality: The use of the words ethics and morality are often confused with each other especially these are commonly used in Philosophy and other related fields. This paper will discuss the distinction between these two concepts. According to Gammel (2007), the difference between the terms morality and ethics has a very thin line particularly in the daily language. Adding to this confusion is that other philosophical resources and materials use the terms interchangeablyRead MoreEthics and Morality Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesEthics and Morality Is it immoral for a person to write lies on his/her resume? This question poses many questions in its self. How fictitious is the lie, what are you lying about, what could be the consequences of this lie and whom and how will this lie affect the people involved? How would John Stuart Mill answer this question? Mills general position seem to be that one should do what will produce the most happiness, pleasure and with the absence of pain. With this in mind for one to

Obstacle In Logistics

Question: How Obstacle in Logistics that Impacts the Effectiveness of GPS Technology in Managing Logistic Operation in Toll Global Express? Answer: Effectiveness of GPS technology Broda, and Baxter, (2012) claimed that the application of the GPS technology in logistics operations helps n improving the operational effectiveness. The innovation of the GPS technology has provided significant benefit to the logistics business by providing enhanced security, faster transportation, and business processes. The GPS services allow the business employees as well as the customer with the ability to track the exact location of the trucks and goods in transition. Verma, and Bhatia, (2013) stated that this process provides assurance to the customer that their package and goods will be provided in said time. Therefore, the GPS technology has made the customers be more trustworthy and reliable to the service providers or logistics operators. Furthermore, the business operators have become more accountable and responsible regarding the timely delivery and safety of the goods through the tracking of GPS technology. According to Hebblewhite, and Haydon, (2012), the application o f the GPS technology has provided the logistics companies to have complete transparency and control over the status and position of the trucks. Therefore, any misplaced, delayed or stolen goods or trucks are updated to the business organization in real time providing them to redesign and formulate the business process according to the current situation. Djuknic, and Richton, (2015) cited that the communication between the drivers and coordination have been improved through the GPS technology. In addition to that, the implementation of the GPS technology in the help in tracking the exact location of the employees and trucks during the transits. This provides effective and efficient management and monitoring of the employees as well as the goods that are being delivered by the logistics business. Managing logistic operations The application of the GPS technologies in the logistics operations assists in enhancing the transportation and logistics operations. Moeglein, and Krasner, (2014) showed that in logistics operations, deals with the coordination between the employees and drivers in order to deliver the goods in exact locations and time. The GPS technology enhances the communication coordination between the business and customers. Tracking of the trucks and updating the location to the customer helps in providing the location of the goods in real time. On the other hand, in the case of any change in location or time by the customer during the time of transit helps in easy accommodating the new requirements (Hebblewhite, Haydon, 2012). According to Lee, Tewolde, and Kwon, (2014), the implementation of the GPS technologies assists in managing and monitoring the goods as well as the trucks to provide the customer with transparency and satisfaction through the services. Sandelowski, (2014) claimed that m anaging the logistics in one of the most significant needs for managing the transport. Sharpe, and Lindsley, (2016) cited that one-fourth of the total cost is associated with the transportation and logistics operations. Carrying out the particular route for delivering the goods is a challenge to the logistics operations in order to save the fuel cost. The various parameters like amount of goods, delivery location and type of trucks are dependent on estimating the accurate route for providing cost efficient services. Therefore, Moeglein and Krasner, (2014) claimed that the integrating the GPS technology provided the operators with the efficient information about the transit and controlling the route of the transit from remote locations. Research Methodology IntroductionTakhar-Lail and Ghorbani, (2015) cited that the application the appropriate process of the research methodology assist in revealing the detail concepts and theories of the undertaken topic. In addition to that, Finseth et al., (2014) claimed that the detailed process of the research methodology assists in gaining underlying facts and data relevant to the study. 4.2. Analysis of the problemThe process followed for carrying out the logistics operations at Toll Global Express are currently facing various issues and challenges for meeting up with the customer satisfaction while sustaining in the competitive market. The implementations of advanced technologies like the GPS system have the potential to improve the operational efficiency at TGE. 4.3. Research Paradigm- InterpretativeAccording to Terrell (2012), the application of the theoretical and philosophical framework for implementing the different laws, procedures for conducting the research is defined as a research paradi gm. On a contrary, Finley (2014) showed that the research paradigm comprises of the different agreement and beliefs used by the researchers for addressing the research problems in an undertaken study. The three significant dimensions of the paradigm are methodology, epistemology, and ontology. On the other hand, Vannini (2015) showed that three distinct philosophies could be characterized in research paradigm namely critical postmodernism, constructive interpretive and positivism. In this particular study, the analysts have selected the application of the constructive interpretive research paradigm. The application of the interpretive paradigm has allowed the analyst in evaluating the undertaken topic with conceptual and social understanding. In addition to that, the interpretivist paradigm has provided in analyzing the topic while evaluating the previous studies and ideas of previous research. In addition to that, the applications of the qualitative methods like interviews, case st udy and observation have provided better analysis of the undertaken topic. Unit of Analysis Higginbottom and Liamputtong (2015) cited that the unit of analysis can define as the significant entity that has been considered for the analysis of undertaken topic. Moreover, Guercini (2014) claimed that the units of analysis could be comprised of any social artifacts, official documents, social organization, and a group of people, legal documents, and others. In this particular study, the analyst has considered the various journals and study from previous researchers for evaluating the effectiveness of GPS system at TGE. Selection Criteria of Research Methods Research Philosophy: According to Christ (2014), the appropriate application of the research philosophy allows the researcher in gaining detailed information relevant to the undertaken topic. For the evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of the GPS technology in the logistics operations, the analysis has selected the application of Positivism Philosophy. The application of the Positivism philosophy allows in revealing the underlying facts and hidden information; for the selection of the GPS technology for sustaining in the competitive market. In addition to that, due to the time constraint of the study, the applications of the other process of philosophy were completely discarded in this study. Research Approach: Gandhi and Sharma (2014) cited that the proper application of the appropriate Research Approach assists in revealing the required format of the selected study. In this present study, the analysis has chosen the application of Deductive Research Approach. According to Chatha, Butt and Tariq (2015), the application of the deductive approach focuses evaluating the concepts and theories of GPS technologies in logistics along with data collection and analysis. Since, in this present study, no new theories are introduced, the researcher has eliminated the application of the inductive approach.Research Design: Nayar and Stanley (2014) defined that the research design explains the pattern and framework required for collecting and evaluating the data relevant to the undertaken topic. Due to the cross-sectional characteristic of the undertaken study, the analysts have selected Descriptive Design. The application of the descriptive design allowed in gaining relevant informati on of the particular events with a detailed description. 4.6. Development of Study Categories In this present study, the author has selected the application of mixed category comprising qualitative and qualitative methods for evaluating the various obstacle that impacts the effectiveness of integrating GPS in Toll Global Express. 4.7. Data Collection and Analysis4.7.1. Selection Criteria for data analysis techniquesFor the data analysis of the selected research topic, the author has selected the use of secondary data sources for obtaining and evaluating the Obstacle in Logistics that Impacts the Effectiveness of GPS Technology in Managing Logistic Operation in Toll Global Express. The application of the qualitative data assist the author in reviewing and analyzing the statistical data obtained by the various researcher prior to this particular study. Moreover, through the use of secondary data, the author has conducted a qualitative analysis through the acknowledgement of the variou s issues related to the implementation of the GPS technology in Toll Global Express. In addition to that, the use of the secondary data helps the analysist in interpreting the result according to the need of the author. In this particular study, the author has collected relevant data and information from open sources including books, journals and paper on the similar topic of the current research. Content Analysis According to Chatha, Butt, and Tariq, (2015), the application of the appropriate data analysis methodology and techniques helps in providing in-depth understanding and evaluation of the undertaken topic. For evaluating the effectiveness of introducing GPS technology in the logistics operations of TGE the analyst has collected and followed a detailed process of data collection. The analyst has selected only the secondary data sources for evaluating the undertaken topic. In addition to that, for the analysis of the secondary data the author has used the qualitative data analysis techniques for integrating the theoretical concept to the analysis process with the support of the relevant theories. Furthermore, the author has leveraged the application of the content analysis for this study. Finley, (2014) cited that the application of the content analysis ranges from interpretive, impressionistic to systematic textual analysis. Higginbottom, and Liamputtong, (2015) pointed out that the con tent analysis can be roughly divided in to three major categories namely summative, directive and conventional. All the process of content analysis assist in evaluating the textual data from a predominant paradigm. In this particular study, the author has utilized the Directed Content Analysis. The application of the directed content analysis has assisted the author in conceptually extended the theory and validate the conceptual framework from the existing theory. Since, this particular study is limited to the application of the secondary data, the author has rejected the use of summative or conventional content analysis process. Conclusion The research methodology chapter in this presents study defines the particular process and procedures that need to be conducted for efficiently evaluating the research topic. The application of the appropriate tools and techniques mentioned in this particular chapter helps in in-depth analysis of the undertaken chapter. Introduction The application of the data analysis chapter in this particular study is used for the evaluation of the effectiveness of introducing GPS Technology in Managing Logistic Operation in Toll Global Express. In this particular chapter, the analyst has utilized the data analysis methods of qualitative analysis for the evaluation of the study. According to Higginbottom and Liamputtong (2015), the application of the data analysis assisted the author in integrating the theories of the undertaken topic in the practical representation of data analysis. Vannini, (2015) claimed that the application of the secondary data comprises of various disadvantages like the uncertainty in ensuring the validity of the data collected from the secondary sources. Apart from that, the data obtained through previous researches have the chances of data manipulation or lacks genuineness. A large scale of electronics information has been gathered from online sources; internet. For obtaining relevant data, the author has considered only the peer viewed journal, articles and books relevant to the undertaken topic from free online resources. Apart from that, the analysist has also gathered sensitive and relevant information from various books available in university library. Data Editing According to Christ, (2014), the application of the data editing in the secondary form of information is essential for verifying the consistency and accuracy of the obtained data. The secondary data obtained from the online sources needs to be edited, organized and processed before the conducting the analysis of the data. In order to appropriately analyses the obtained data, the author needs to convert the huge amount of data in simple and comprehensible form. According to Gandhi, and Sharma, (2014), the application of the data editing in the analysis provided genuineness and allows easy management of the collected information.The secondary data that the author has obtained in the study was gathered by other authors in different purpose and time that might not be relevant to the study. There is a great possibility of duplication, compensation and omission in the previous data. In this particular study, for eliminating unsuitability, inadequacy, inconsistency and inaccuracy the author has performed the test on reliability, adequacy and suitability while verifying the source of data. Data Screening Higginbottom, and Liamputtong, (2015) defined data screening as an appropriate process for ensuring the obtained secondary data are appropriate and excluded of errors. Prior to the data analysis process the author has conducted the data screening procedure with the application of statistical tools. In addition to that, the data screening is done for proving data validity and reliability to the gathered information for providing data analysis techniques. Chatha, Butt and Tariq (2015) cited that the data screening provides data integrity and eliminate the noise or in the existing secondary data.In this particular study, the author has rejected the secondary sources of data with improper measuring unit and question on the validity. In addition to that, for ensuring the proper and standard evaluation of the undertaken topic the author has considered the recent journal not exceeding before 2012. Furthermore, the author has evaluated the chance of bias in the previous journals and rejected the data with unbiased analysis. Formulation of Categories According to Terrell, (2012), the secondary data can be briefly formed into two major categories, namely qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative data deals with the observation and description of the various theories and framework obtained from previous researches. On the other hand, Takhar-Lail, and Ghorbani, (2015) cited that the quantitative data provided the numeric value and statistical result obtained within the previous conducted researches. The evaluation of the Obstacle in Logistics that Impacts the Effectiveness of GPS Technology in Managing Logistic Operation in Toll Global Express, the author has considered the application of the qualitative data for data analysis part. The applications of the qualitative data analysis procedure have assisted the author in interpreting the undertaken topic in a detailed manner. Analysis and Results Effectiveness of GPS technology on logistics operations Shamsuzzoha et al., (2013) have defined the logistics operation as one of the significant process involving the planning, implementation and controlling the effective flow of the services, goods and information between two sources. Toll Global Expresses deals with the logistics operations all over Australia (Ivanova, Gallasch, 2015). On the other hand, Clausen, De Bock, and Lu, (2016) have simply defined the logistics as a significant process for ensuring the right product has reached on right location, in right time to the right customer. Therefore, it is essential to ensure customer satisfaction throughout all the processes used in logistics. The introduction and emergence of various new technologies has assisted the logistics service providers in improving the efficiency of their business. The significant objective of the toll global services is to deliver the services and products to the targeted customer in a timely manner (Kithiia, 2015). Ensuring the customer satisfaction is the main objective for the logistics operations. Moreover, Toll Global services operates all over Australia. Therefore, it is essential to deliver the perishable products to the customer within the allocated time period.Popovic, and Habjan, (2012) pointed out that the implementation of the GPS technology in the logistics operations helps in increasing the efficiency of the management and business. Amna, (2013) claimed that the impact of the GPS technology has immeasurable impact on the logistics operations. Furthermore, Gupta, Mukerjee, and Singh, (2013) cited that the implementation of the GPS technology helps in improving the effectiveness of the business for meeting the requirements of the customers. The various effectiveness of the GPS technology for improving the operational management at Toll Global Services are discussed bellow. Fleet Management: Munuzuri et al., (2012) cited that fleet of vehicles are the significant channel of operations in logistics. The GPS technology hel ps in tracking the location of the trucks in real time. Wang, (2012) claimed that the application of the GPS technology assist the business in having essential information about the delivery of the products, delivery time estimation up to dated. Zhang, Fang, and Huang (2014) explained that the continuous updating of the information about the location of the trucks and packages helps in having better control over and tremendous advantage in the competitive market. Through this the logistics service providers ensure complete monitoring the speed and location of the vehicles. In addition to that the GPS technology assist in tracking and monitoring of the fleet in an unobtrusive manner. Furthermore, Greiner, (2015) cited that fleet management also helps in accommodating any business requirements or delivery with minimum cost and effort. Cost-Benefit Assessment: McNamara, Linton, and Mikhail, (2014) have explained in this paper that the tracking of the fleet in the logistics operations h elps in improving the profitability of the business. The expense of the fuel is related and unavoidable with the logistics business. According to Jhawar, and Garg, (2016), the GPS technology along with fleet tracking facility helps in optimizing the cost of the fuel expenses. Li, and Huo, (2016) showed that the along with GPS technology, the business operatives can monitor the fleet on route required for delivering the packages only. Furthermore, the GPS technology helps in providing the shortest route to deliver the packages to a selected location thus reducing the cost of transportation. De Cantis et al., (2016) claimed that with the application of the GPS technology the company can monitor the drivers on the selected route only while checking the fuel cost. Improved Efficiency: The GPS technology automatically generates huge amount of data providing the accurate location and position of the fleet delivering the packages. Prasanna, and Hemalatha, (2012) explained that the data gen erated through the GPS technology is accurate to the position of the fleet. In addition to that, the integration of the GPS technology with the computer of the vehicle provided various possibility in increasing the efficiency of operational management. According to Klumpp, Clausen, and ten Hompel, (2013), the real-time information about the position of the vehicle allows the logistics provided in acknowledging the progress of the delivery. Moreover, the GPS technology provides the driver with the accurate route and shortest path for all the packages in the particular route. Therefore, the GPS technology significantly reduces the time for efficiently delivering the packages to the right location at right time. Xu, Deng, and Ren, (2014) pointed out that the with the application of the GPS technology it becomes easier to track the any particular vehicle. Therefore, recovery of the stolen or damages vehicle in logistics is made easier with the GPS. Enhanced Customer Satisfaction: Radoic ic et al., (2013) cited that the enhancing the customer satisfaction is the key for achieving success in the logistics operations. The integration o the GPS technology allows the customer in providing real time information about the delivery of their packages. Nikolaenko, and Shugaley, (2014) showed that the through the GPS technology, the logistics service providers allows transparency in their operations. On the other hand, Fernando, and Samarasekera, (2016) claimed that the GPS updated the customer with the real-time location of the packages. Any delay of early delivery of the packages are automatically updated to the customers. Kithiia, (2015) stated that the continuous information about the packages provided the customer with estimated delivery thus enhancing the satisfaction with the services. The existing logistics system of the Toll Global Services, cannot effectively track the real-time location of the operations with manual monitoring of the operational (Ivanova, and Galla sch, (2015). Hence it can be easily observed that the absence of effective tracking reduces the control over the system. Popovic, and Habjan, (2012) have stated that the absence of effective tracking mechanism reduces the real-time information about the up-streaming operation that is being carried out at the site, according to which the transportation can be planned which can effectively reduce the time and the cost of transit. In the similar situation Amna, (2013) have also presented a similar view regarding the down streaming of the packages where the transit time between the main delivery system and the staffs lacks co-ordination due to which a great amount of time is wasted for delivering the materials.Gupta, Mukerjee, and Singh, (2013) state that the present system of taking a consignment and delivering to its destination suffers various operational constraints which make the process costlier. The packages are sent to the destination using various means which are rail, road, ai r and water. For this purpose, the sorting has to be done in a time efficient manner. According to Wang, (2012) the effective sorting strategies waste a huge time is wasted due to lack of coordination and information among them. A similar thought is shared by Zhang, Fang, and Huang, (2014) who state that, the lack of implementation of modern technology in goods transit system has kept the system blind as real time data is hardly obtained, which affects the visibility of the system, which in turn affects the services of the organization.In order to maintain the competitive advantage in the market, the Toll Global Express has engaged in the implementation of GPS technology in their logistics. With the change in a technological factor, the customers have high expectations in terms of quality and effectiveness of the services. The GPS technology provides the distributors, suppliers, and customer with the visibility and accountability of the services provided by TGE. The efficiency of th e operations at TGE is dependent on the time needed by the employees to gather information about an item. Furthermore, the operations efficiency also includes sending the item to the required destination within allocated time. The integration of the GPS technology will allow the TGE employee to have complete control over the transit of the item. The real-time monitoring and control over the transit assist in improving the operation efficiency in the logistics of TGE.In addition to that, the GPS services will allow the employees with the continuous update about the item location that will allow the employees to remain up to date and improve the working efficiency. The logistics operations at TGE are focused on proving visualization and transparency in the transit process to its customers. The implementation of the GPS technology will allow the customer and employees to view the particulars of the items that have been delivering through TGE. In the existing procedure of operations, th e employees need to outsource the data and maintain continuous collaboration with the suppliers for updating with the location of the items. Toll Global Service requires better planning, management and faster shipping of the items for gaining competitive advantage. The GPS technology provides execution system, data collection, and visibility of the data and effective record of the possible changes in the items that help in reducing the operation cost considering the long-term business. Future research In this particular research, the scope of the study was not evaluated to potential level due to various limitations in the study. The future study will focus on evaluating the functionality of the tracking system for improving the efficiency of operations in logistics. Moreover, in the future, the study will be conducted on different organization for evaluating the effectiveness of the GPS technology in logistics operations in details. References Amna, S. (2013). Logistics Support and Its Management during Disaster Relief Operations. International Journal of Scientific Footprints, 1(1), 1-12.Broda, H. W., Baxter, R. E. (2012). Using GIS and GPS technology as an instructional tool. The Clearing House, 76(1), 49-52.Chatha, K. A., Butt, I., Tariq, A. (2015). Research methodologies and publication trends in manufacturing strategy: A content analysis based literature review. International Journal of Operations Production Management, 35(4), 487-546.Christ, T. W. (2014). Challenging the Concept that Scientific Based Research and Randomized Controlled Trials are the Gold StandardAlternative Paradigms and Mixed Methodologies.Clausen, U., De Bock, J., Lu, M. (2016). Logistics Trends, Challenges, and Needs for Further Research and Innovation. In Sustainable Logistics and Supply Chains (pp. 1-13). Springer International Publishing.De Cantis, S., Ferrante, M., Kahani, A., Shoval, N. (2016). Cruise passengers' behavior at the destinat ion: Investigation using GPS technology. Tourism Management, 52, 133-150.Djuknic, G. M., Richton, R. E. (2015). Geolocation and assisted GPS.Computer, 34(2), 123-125.Fernando, R., Samarasekera, N. A. (2016). Application of GPS Vehicle Tracking Technology in Sri Lankan Supply Chains. Colombo, Sri Lanka 3 rd and 4 th June, 2016.Finley, S. (2014). An introduction to critical arts-based research demonstrating methodologies and practices of a radical ethical aesthetic. Cultural Studies Critical Methodologies, 1532708614548123.Finseth, C., Crane, K., Howard, S., Wery, R. (2014). Methodologies as Message: Exploring Four Unique Approaches to Pedagogical Research and Their Application to Programmatic Change.Gandhi, M. A. I., Sharma, S. (2014). A Review of Research Methodologies Linking Green Supply Chain Practices and Green Supply Chain Performance. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 3(4).Greiner, M. (2015). Automotive Supply Chain Management in the Internet of Things.Guer cini, S. (2014). New qualitative research methodologies in management. Management Decision, 52(4), 662-674.Gupta, P., Mukerjee, D., Singh, D. (2013). Scope of information technology in coal mining industry in India in perspective of Vision 2025: suggested ways and means. Mining Technology.Hebblewhite, M., Haydon, D. T. (2012). Distinguishing technology from biology: a critical review of the use of GPS telemetry data in ecology.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 365(1550), 2303-2312.Higginbottom, G., Liamputtong, P. (Eds.). (2015). Participatory Qualitative Research Methodologies in Health. Sage.Ivanova, K., Gallasch, G. E. (2015). Rapid Technology Assessment Framework for Land Logistics (No. DSTO-GD-0870). DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION FISHERMANS BEND (AUSTRALIA) LAND DIV.Jhawar, A., Garg, S. K. (2016). System Dynamics Modelling to Study the Effects of Investment in Information Technology on Logistics Performance: A C ase Study from India. International Journal of System Dynamics Applications (IJSDA), 5(2), 19-40.Kithiia, A. K. (2015). Effects of Electronic Logistics on the Logistical Performance of Logistics Firms in Kenya: A Case Study of Maersk Kenya Limited. The International Journal of Business Management, 3(12), 68.Klumpp, M., Clausen, U., ten Hompel, M. (2013). Logistics research and the logistics world of 2050. In Efficiency and Logistics (pp. 1-6). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.Lee, S., Tewolde, G., Kwon, J. (2014, March). Design and implementation of vehicle tracking system using GPS/GSM/GPRS technology and smartphone application. In Internet of Things (WF-IoT), 2014 IEEE World Forum on (pp. 353-358). IEEE.Li, J. C., Wu, C. X., Luo, R. S. (2014). Dual Position Technology Based on GPS and GPSOne in the Application of The Logistic System. Logistics Engineering and Management, 1, 025.Li, X., Huo, L. (2016). Study on Logistics Information Packaging Technology of Fresh Food in Cold Chain. In Advanced Graphic Communications, Packaging Technology and Materials (pp. 579-584). Springer Singapore.McNamara, M. M., Linton, T. K., Mikhail, N. K. (2014). U.S. Patent Application No. 14/453,788.Moeglein, M., Krasner, N. (2014, September). An introduction to SnapTrack server-aided GPS technology. In Proceedings of the 11th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GPS 1998) (pp. 333-342).Muuzuri, J., Corts, P., Guadix, J., Onieva, L. (2012). City logistics in Spain: Why it might never work. Cities, 29(2), 133-141.Nayar, S., Stanley, M. (2014). Qualitative research methodologies for occupational science and therapy. Routledge.Nikolaenko, A. E., Shugaley, O. A. (2014). Forming optimal routes in the problems of transport logistics by use of GIS technology. Astronomical Schools Report, 10(2), 141-144.Popovic, A., Habjan, A. (2012). Exploring the effects of information quality change in road transport operations. Industrial Ma nagement Data Systems, 112(9), 1307-1325.Prasanna, K. R., Hemalatha, M. (2012). RFID GPS and GSM based logistics vehicle load balancing and tracking mechanism. Procedia Engineering, 30, 726-729.RadoiÄ iĆ¡, G. N., JovanoviĆ¡, M. L., IliĆ¡, L., ObradoviĆ¡, A. (2013). INFLUENCE OF GPS TECHNOLOGY ON COST CONTROL AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES.Sandelowski, M. (2014). Combining qualitative and quantitative sampling, data collection, and analysis techniques in mixedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ method studies. Research in nursing health, 23(3), 246-255.Schmidt, G. T. (2014). INS/GPS technology trends. MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON MA.Shamsuzzoha, A. H. M., Ehrs, M., Addo-Tenkorang, R., Nguyen, D., Helo, P. T. (2013). Performance evaluation of tracking and tracing for logistics operations. International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics, 5(1), 31-54.Smyth, M. (2016). Mirka Koro-Ljungberg, Reconceptualizing Qualitative Research: Methodologie s without Methodology: (2015). London: Sage. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 1-3.Takhar-Lail, A., Ghorbani, A. (2015). Market Research Methodologies: Multi-Method and Qualitative.Terrell, S. R. (2012). Mixed-methods research methodologies. The qualitative report, 17(1), 254-280.Vannini, P. (2015). 1 Non-Representational Research Methodologies. Non-Representational Methodologies: Re-Envisioning Research, 12, 1.Verma, P., Bhatia, J. S. (2013). Design and development of GPS-GSM based tracking system with Google map based monitoring. International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications, 3(3), 33.Wang, J. (Ed.). (2012). Societal Impacts on Information Systems Development and Applications. IGI Global.Xu, D. W., Deng, L. L., Ren, S. (2014). Development of Logistics Tracking System Based on RFID, GPS, GPRS. In Applied Mechanics and Materials(Vol. 644, pp. 5717-5720). Trans Tech Publications.Yu, M., Deng, T., Fu, J. (2012, June). Application of RFID and GPS technol ogy in transportation vehicles monitoring system for dangerous goods. In Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE), 2012 2nd International Conference on (pp. 1-4). IEEE.Zhang, W., Fang, S., Huang, B. (2014, May). Logistics Management Building Mechanism in E-Commerce. In Proceedings of the 2012 2nd International Conference on Computer and Information Application (ICCIA 2012). Atlantis Press.